As 2023 draws to a close, this Update looks at three key climate themes to watch in 2024. In short, one should look beyond the inevitable climate-related rhetoric in the run-up to looming elections and focus on what the data tell us – particularly as …
20th December 2023
The decisions yesterday by Colombia’s central bank to kick off its easing cycle and by Chile’s to accelerate the pace of easing appears to have been driven by the substantial improvement in the external environment. We expect both central banks to …
More subdued production growth likely over the coming months After hitting a new record in October, global aluminium production slipped back in November. We suspect that the new record will not be toppled in the coming months owing to power rationing in …
In Warsaw, more favourable economic conditions will support retail spending and prime rents in the short term. But from 2025, faster rises in online shopping than elsewhere in Europe will cause the city’s retail rents to lag the rest of the region. Warsaw …
High interest rates have taken longer to percolate through the economy than we expected, but we now think consumer spending will contract over the next six months. That poses a risk to our retail rent forecasts. However, the sector will still benefit from …
Fiscal Risks …
Most major DMs need to shrink their primary budget deficits significantly and, for various reasons, most are likely to find it hard to do so. This will exacerbate growing worries about fiscal sustainability. Fiscal deficits increased significantly in …
The end of Portuguese Prime Minister António Costa’s time in office does not signify the end of Portugal’s impressive period of debt reduction. We think any future government is likely to exercise similar fiscal discipline while benefitting from …
This page has been updated with additional analysis since first publication. Collapsing domestic inflationary pressures may mean BoE cuts rates earlier For the second month in a row, the falls in CPI inflation from 4.6% in October to 3.9% in November …
While the income tax cuts due next year are widely seen as necessary to reverse bracket creep, the income tax burden isn’t particularly onerous by historical standards. However, Australia taxes income far more heavily than most other advanced economies …
Our China Activity Proxy (CAP) suggests that the economic recovery is continuing as the service sector makes up further lost ground. With policy support still flowing and consumers feeling less downbeat, further gains are likely in the near-term, but …
This page has been updated with additional analysis since first publication. Net trade will make a positive contribution to Q4 growth Even though the trade deficit narrowed in November, goods trade will probably be a drag on GDP growth this quarter. …
19th December 2023
We expect the 10-year Japanese government bond (JGB) yield to rise next year, as the era of negative interest rates there comes to an end and constraints on the bond market ease. And w e think the yield gap vs the US will shift further in favour of the …
The attacks in the Red Sea are the third major disruption to maritime transport this year, alongside low water levels in the Panama Canal and collapse of the Black Sea Grain Deal. Much will depend on how long the disruptions last, but we think that they …
Investors’ growing expectations that the US Fed will cut interest rates in March next year, as well as the recent soft UK wage and inflation data, have convinced investors that the Bank of England will start cutting interest rates sooner, in May 2024 …
The more supportive global risk environment is helping to ease some financial strains across the EM world, but there are still pockets of vulnerability heading into 2024. Balance of payments positions are fragile in Turkey and Tunisia. Public debt risks …
Although the economic backdrop is likely to be less favourable for the stock market in the US over the next two years than it was in second half of the 1990s, we doubt this will prevent a similar bubble in equity prices from inflating as investors seek to …
As core PCE inflation is on track to return to the 2% target by the middle of next year, we expect the Fed to cut interest rates by 25bp at every meeting next year from March onwards, with rates eventually falling to between 3.00% and 3.25% in early 2025. …
Single-family starts jump to 19-month high The extreme lack of existing inventory on the market continued to support newbuild demand and construction activity in November, as single-family starts jumped to an 19-month high. The rise is at odds with the …
This page has been updated with additional analysis since first publication. A temporary step backward The renewed acceleration in core inflation pressures in November was largely due to a jump in travel tour prices, which is likely to be quickly …
The goal of keeping government debt ratios stable or falling means that many euro-zone countries will need to tighten fiscal policy substantially and some will need to run primary budget surpluses for a long time to come. Italy has the most challenging …
At face value, the Argentine central bank’s (BCRA’s) decision yesterday to switch (and essentially lower) its policy rate seems at odds with the goal of tackling the country’s severe inflation problem. But the move appears to be aimed at shifting the …
Saudi Arabia looks set to record its worst economic performance this year, outside of the pandemic and the global financial crisis, in more than two decades on the back of lower oil output. The worst of the downturn now appears to have passed and we …
This publication has been updated with additional analysis from the post-meeting press statement and press conference. 75bp cuts to continue for the time being The Hungarian central bank (MNB) cut its base rate by 75bp again today (to 10.75%), and we …
Last week, Christine Lagarde cited high wage growth and “domestic inflation” as reasons for the ECB to keep interest rates high. While domestic price pressures are easing, it will take several months for policymakers to see enough evidence that they have …
Inflation and interest rates will fall across Central and Eastern Europe in 2024 and an economic recovery is likely to take hold across the region. But the task of bringing inflation back to central banks’ targets will take time and we think that monetary …
The Bank of Japan left policy settings unchanged today as widely anticipated. And while Governor Ueda is sounding more confident that 2% inflation will be sustained, we now expect the Bank of Japan to end negative interest rates in March rather than in …
The valuations of “risky” assets have recovered somewhat lately as “safe” asset yields have tumbled. While we suspect any slowdown in global growth could put risky asset valuations back under pressure in the near term, we think the big picture is that …
Bank of Japan will end negative rates next month The Bank of Japan left policy settings unchanged today as widely anticipated but we still expect policymakers to end negative rates in January and to phase out Yield Curve Control later in 2024. The Bank’s …
RBA will soon turn dovish The minutes of the RBA’s December meeting reinforce our view that the Bank will be shifting to rate cuts before long. As it has done at virtually every meeting this year, the Board discussed the option of a 25bp rate hike …
Fed officials have pushed back a bit against market bets for rate cuts today, helping to send yields a bit higher. But the bigger picture is that there has been a massive reassessment of the timing and extent of rate cuts in key economies over the past …
18th December 2023
Economic growth in the Middle East and North Africa will strengthen a little in 2024 but is likely to come in well below consensus expectations. OPEC+’s cautious approach to oil policy will keep a lid on economic growth in the Gulf over the first half of …
Large downward shifts in interest rate expectations mean that mortgage rates will continue to fall for the next month or two. That will support some recovery in activity and means that price declines are behind us for now at least. As we expect the Bank …
Some of the negotiations by trade unions and large firms in advanced economies over recent months have resulted in large pay rises of up to 10%. However, they have typically also locked in much smaller gains for next year and hence shouldn’t cause serious …
There is considerable uncertainty surrounding our forecast that GDP will increase by 1.2% next year, but we have a relatively high conviction in our call that core PCE inflation will be very close to the 2% target by mid-2024. Nevertheless, even small …
November’s slight resurgence in lending likely temporary Net lending on commercial real estate by banks resurged in November, despite signs from other data that lenders would continue to pull back from real estate lending. That said, the $4.4bn of net …
Property yields rose further in Q3, but with risk-free rates now falling back, we think they will flat-line in Q4. That will help stabilise capital values, but given historically narrow yield spreads, we doubt we will see much yield compression ahead. As …
Africa Chart Pack (Dec. 2023) …
We recently held an online Drop-In session to discuss the December policy meetings and the outlook for monetary policy in the year ahead. (See a recording here .) This Update answers several of the questions that we received. Would the Fed ease policy …
It’s that time of year when economists set out their views of what to expect over the coming twelve months. You can find our contribution on this dedicated ‘ World in 2024 ’ page, and listen to our podcast , in which I discuss the macro outlook for next …
This page has been updated with additional analysis since first publication. “Rezession” to drag on The renewed decline in the Ifo Business Climate Index (BCI) in December echoes the message from the Composite PMI released last week and unequivocally …
Australian households have built up more excess savings than those in other large advanced economies and we estimate that those savings will only be depleted by the end of 2025. Even so, we still expect consumption growth to keep disappointing. Real …
Household net worth fell in the third quarter, although the recent resurgence in bond and equity prices means that should soon be reversed. It is too soon to sound the all-clear for households’ finances, however, given that the debt service ratio is set …
15th December 2023
The Fed gifts the bond market, the EM growth outlook and that COP28 agreement …
The Fed’s shift away from its “higher for longer” messaging (and European central banks attempts at maintaining a hawkish stance) pushed relative interest rate expectations against the US dollar, leaving it weaker against nearly all major currencies this …
This week was a tale of two halves. In the first, prices generally came under pressure , including oil which continued its post-OPEC+ meeting plunge as concerns of oversupply persist. There were signs later in the week that those concerns have some good …
