Filtered by Topic: Monetary Policy Use setting Monetary Policy
Following today’s decision to leave interest rates on hold, the ECB’s tightening cycle appears to be over. We think that rates will stay at their current levels well into next year. The Governing Council did not discuss accelerating the pace of QT today, …
26th October 2023
Higher bond yields will add to fiscal pressures in those EMs with particularly large public debt burdens and weak debt dynamics. Brazil, South Africa as well as Colombia and Mexico are the EMs from our analysis whose fiscal positions are the most …
Although the Bank of Canada maintained its tightening bias today, the rest of its communications suggest that the Bank is growing more confident it has done enough to eventually get inflation back to 2%. We continue to expect the Bank to cut interest …
25th October 2023
The euro-zone money and credit data have been very weak all year and September’s data, released this morning, were more of the same. The activity surveys are now turning downwards too, supporting our below-consensus forecasts that the economy contracted …
The October flash PMI surveys suggest that economic activity got off to a weak start in Q4, especially in Europe. And with weak activity taking some of the steam out of labour markets and inflation, we are growing more confident in our view that the Fed, …
24th October 2023
This page has been updated with additional analysis from the post-meeting press statement and press conference. MNB slows the pace of easing, but only slightly The Hungarian central bank’s (MNB’s) larger-than-expected 75bp cut to its base rate, from …
The Bank of Israel (BoI) left its policy rate on hold at 4.75% today and, while its communications provided little firm policy guidance, policymakers clearly have one eye on the currency and will probably keep rates unchanged while inflation risks remain …
23rd October 2023
Japan’s trade unions are demanding an even larger pay hike in the upcoming spring wage negotiations and we believe that the talks will result in a base pay hike of around 2.5%. While the Bank of Japan may wait until the first round of results of the talks …
20th October 2023
There are mounting signs that labour market conditions in many parts of Latin America are starting to loosen, but wages are still rising at a rapid pace and it will take time for wage growth to return to levels that are consistent with central banks’ …
19th October 2023
In a surprise move, Bank Indonesia (BI) today hiked its main policy rate by 25bps (to 6.0%) in an attempt to support the currency. But there is a good chance this will be a case of “one and done”. Our forecast is that US bond yields will drop back over …
We'll be discussing the implications of the end of the ultra-low interest rates era and the rise in r* in an online Drop-In at 12:30 GMT on Tuesday 31st October. (Register here .) As our new higher estimate of the real neutral interest rate, or r*, for …
The Bank of Korea today left its policy rate unchanged (at 3.5%), and while Governor Rhee left open the possibility of further interest rate hikes, there are signs that some members of the central bank are becoming more dovish. With growth struggling but …
The ongoing outflow of funds from the Fed’s reverse repo facility has completely offset the downward pressure on bank reserves from quantitative tightening (QT), suggesting that the Fed could continue to let its asset holdings run down for longer than …
18th October 2023
The weakness of GDP growth in the second and third quarters means that the Bank of Canada is likely to make a marked re-assessment of its output gap estimates in its October Monetary Policy Report (MPR). Some indicators suggest that output has already …
We have recently published detailed analysis arguing that equilibrium interest rates in advanced economies are now higher than they were before the pandemic, and that they will continue to rise over the rest of this decade. (See here .) The key …
17th October 2023
The Bank of Canada’s quarterly surveys show that businesses’ inflation expectations continue to decline, albeit slowly, and point to a growing risk that the economy will fall into recession. Accordingly, we continue to doubt that the Bank will raise …
16th October 2023
Malaysia budget to weigh on GDP, add to inflation Malaysia’s budget for 2024, which was unveiled in parliament today, envisages a modest tightening of fiscal policy, with the deficit set to narrow from an estimated 5.0% of GDP this year to 4.3% in 2024. …
13th October 2023
Tightness in Mexico’s labour market continues to fuel wage pressures, with real wages now rising at their fastest pace since the early 2000s. But this isn’t being matched by productivity growth and, in turn, threatens to keep inflation above Banxico’s …
11th October 2023
Headline inflation has jumped across much of Emerging Asia over the past couple of months on the back of rises in food and fuel prices. This won’t prompt central banks to resume tightening (the Philippines is the exception). However, the rise in inflation …
Any fall in bond prices resulting from higher bond yields won’t affect the BoJ’s balance sheet unless the Bank decides to sell its holdings. By contrast, rising interest payments on commercial banks’ reserve holdings could create losses, though those …
10th October 2023
The attack by Hamas on Israel on Saturday has led to widespread casualties and deaths, and the declaration of war by Israel’s prime minister. From an economic perspective, the experience from the 2014 Gaza war suggests that the effects on Israel’s economy …
9th October 2023
The RBI kept the repo rate on hold at 6.50% today as expected and continued to strike a hawkish tone despite the recent easing in inflation. Indeed, it even raised the possibility of open-market bond sales to drain excess liquidity. There is a significant …
6th October 2023
Sub-Saharan African central banks are unlikely to follow their peers in other EMs in cutting interest rates soon. With inflation falling more slowly, alongside balance of payment and public debt strains, interest rates will stay high for longer. Nigeria …
5th October 2023
The ‘higher for longer’ narrative on interest rates that is baked into market pricing is at odds with evidence of widespread falls in inflation. Higher oil prices mean that fuel inflation will be a bit higher than seemed likely a few months ago. But the …
Rising food prices have already led to upside inflation surprises in parts of Asia, and central banks in the region are likely to ease policy later than their EM peers. But inflation should eventually resume its downward path and, once it does, policy …
We think the yields of 10-year government bonds in Australia, New Zealand and Canada will diverge from the yield of 10-year US Treasuries – which they have tracked very closely this year – over time, with bonds in all three countries outperforming those …
The central bank (CBSL) today cut interest rates by a further 100bps. With inflation low and the economy still very depressed, further easing is likely over the coming months. Today’s 100bps cuts take the lending and deposit rates to 10% and 11% …
The latest activity data from Korea were downbeat. Although industrial production grew strongly, the manufacturing PMIs, along with the export figures and retail sales data, all point to continued weakness. However, with inflation rising again last month, …
The sell-off in bond markets has taken a breather today, helped in part by softer data on the US labour market. However, the scale of the moves over the past week has invoked comparisons to previous financial crises that have been caused by sharp moves in …
4th October 2023
With its assessment of the balance of risks broadly unchanged, the Reserve Bank of New Zealand left rates on hold at its meeting today. Although the Bank will likely retain its tightening bias, we continue to believe that the official cash rate is at its …
Talk of “dollarisation” has recently re-emerged, despite broader moves in the EM world to challenge the hegemony of the US dollar. Indeed, the fact that Argentina is considering adopting the dollar underscores that the greenback will remain the currency …
3rd October 2023
While new RBA Governor Michelle Bullock didn’t spring any surprises at her first interest rate decision today, we think that the Bank will hike interest rates to a peak of 4.35% at its next meeting in November . However, we expect the RBA to pivot towards …
By putting upward pressure on JGB yields and the yen, tighter monetary policy could lead to falls in the value of bonds and overseas assets held by Japanese investors. Insurance companies and pension funds have the most to lose. However, we do not think …
The EM manufacturing PMIs for September were the proverbial mixed bag, but one commonality is that external demand remains fairly soft across the regions. Meanwhile, the further rise in the price components last month probably reflects the jump in oil …
2nd October 2023
We suspect that before the end of the year, the ECB will announce that it will end PEPP reinvestments before the end of 2024. This would allow the ECB to shrink its balance sheet more quickly and reinforce the message that monetary policy will remain …
The drivers of Brazil’s recent period of rapid growth seem to be the subject of a heated debate at the central bank – and policymakers’ conclusions will play a big role in determining the pace and scale of the easing cycle. For our part, we think the key …
28th September 2023
The direct hit to the economy from even an extended government shutdown beginning next week would be modest. But it could also result in delays to key data releases, including the September employment and CPI reports due over the next couple of weeks. At …
Nigeria’s policy shift has stalled in recent weeks as officials have responded to a growing political backlash by reverting to the interventionist tendencies of the Buhari administration. The result is that the naira has plunged on the parallel market and …
The latest euro-zone money and credit data show that tighter ECB policy is continuing to weigh on households’ and firms’ borrowing, as well as influencing what they do with their savings. The weakness in money and lending growth supports our view that the …
27th September 2023
The Hungarian central bank (MNB) delivered another 100bp interest rate cut (to 13.00%) and simplified its monetary policy toolkit at today’s meeting, paving the way for the second phase of the easing cycle in the coming months. The hawkish tone of the …
26th September 2023
The sharp slowdown in broad money growth since late last year suggests that higher interest rates are working by reducing households’ and firms’ demand for borrowing, which should lead to softer activity and lower inflation. This supports our view that a …
The abandonment of Yield Curve Control would probably prompt the Bank of Japan to reduce its bloated holdings of government bonds, which could push up long-term bond yields. However, there are good reasons to think that the fiscal consequences wouldn’t be …
25th September 2023
The September Flash PMIs add to evidence that economic activity in the US and Europe is weakening. This supports our view that the Fed, ECB, and Bank of England have finished hiking interest rates. Our estimate of the DM average composite PMI edged down …
22nd September 2023
We held a Drop-In yesterday to discuss the latest policy meetings of the Fed, ECB, and Bank of England and what they might mean for the future path of policy and financial markets. (See the recording here .) This Update answers several of the questions …
The Bank of Japan still sounded dovish when it kept policy settings unchanged today. But with inflation proving stickier than expected, we expect the Bank to lift its policy rate in January and have pencilled in the full-fledged dismantling of Yield Curve …
Note: We’ll be discussing September’s Fed, ECB and Bank of England policy decisions in a Drop-In at 3pm BST today. Register here to join. The surprise decision by the Bank of England to leave interest rates unchanged at 5.25% today probably means that …
21st September 2023
The SNB’s decision to keep rates unchanged at 1.75% was a surprise. Although the Bank left the door open for further hikes, we think rates are now at their peak. And with inflation set to fall further, we expect the SNB to start cutting rates next year. …
Despite all the talk of “higher for longer”, we believe that the global monetary policy tightening cycle is drawing to a close. In Q4, any final rate hikes in advanced economies will coincide with a number of cuts in emerging markets. And as we head into …
Following today’s rate hikes, the Riksbank and Norges Bank are now at, or close to, the end of their tightening cycles. Both central banks’ new projections suggest that they are more likely than not to raise rates one more time. But whether or not they …
The Fed doubled down on its mantra that interest rates will remain higher for longer, with its updated projections suggesting that the economy will enjoy the softest of soft landings and core inflation will still take some considerable time to return to …
20th September 2023
