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Services inflation continues to accelerate The economic data released this week seem to vindicate the Bank of Japan’s caution when it comes to abandoning ultra-loose monetary policy. For a start, the timely Tokyo CPI showed that inflation slowed from …
8th December 2023
This page has been updated with additional analysis since first publication. Wage growth will stay strong Regular wage growth accelerated in October and we expect it to stay strong in the coming months as the virtuous cycle between prices and wages …
7th December 2023
This page has been updated with additional analysis since first publication. Inflation won’t reach BoJ’s target until end-2024 While inflation excluding fresh food in Tokyo wasn’t far above the Bank of Japan’s 2% target in November, we think it will take …
4th December 2023
Overview – Following a strong 2023, GDP growth is set to slow towards potential next year and the labour market will tread water for now. However, with the virtuous cycle between consumer prices and inflation set to gain momentum, we expect the Bank …
Consumption falling but labour market tightening The October activity data were a mixed bag. While industrial production rose by 1% m/m, firms’ forecasts for the next couple of months were weak and point to a stagnation in output across Q4 following …
1st December 2023
This page has been updated with additional analysis since first publication. Labour market not out of the woods yet The renewed tightening of the labour market in October probably reflects the lagged effects from the surge in output across the first half …
30th November 2023
In this Global Economics Update , we describe eight of the biggest risks to our economic forecasts for 2024. The unusual nature of this cycle and uncertainties surrounding the transmission of monetary policy mean that the biggest risks relate to central …
This page has been updated with additional analysis since first publication. Weakness in consumption raises risk of recession While industrial production kept rising in October, firms’ output forecasts for the coming months are weak and the slump in …
29th November 2023
The recent period of high inflation in Japan has kick-started a virtuous cycle between wages and prices. If inflation expectations remain elevated and structural forces push up the neutral rate of interest over the coming years, monetary policy will …
27th November 2023
Disapproval rating highest since Suga resignation The Cabinet Office’s disapproval rating has surpassed 50% for the first time since Fumio Kishida became Prime Minister two years ago. Surely one reason is the 5% plunge in real household disposable …
24th November 2023
This page has been updated with additional analysis since first publication Decreases all across the board suggests another weak quarter The further slowdown in the composite PMI in November suggests that GDP growth remained sluggish this quarter. The …
23rd November 2023
This page has been updated with additional analysis since first publication. Inflation will only reach 2% by the end of next year The jump in headline inflation in October isn’t as bad as it looks as underlying inflation kept falling. Nonetheless, it …
Recent export resilience unlikely to last While the Q3 GDP release disappointed this week, there was some (qualified) good news in the October trade data. Although headline export growth slowed to 1.6% y/y, from 4.3% in September, a deceleration had been …
17th November 2023
During the past decade, the global economy has transitioned out of an era in which globalisation was the key driver of economic and financial relationships into one shaped by geopolitics. Previously, most governments had believed that closer economic …
16th November 2023
GDP (Q3 2023, Preliminary) Tepid Q3 GDP outturn sets the tone for 2024 GDP growth weakened sharply in the third quarter and we expect it to remain soft next year. The 0.5% q/q contraction in Q3 GDP (-2.1% annualised) was much weaker than the analyst …
14th November 2023
Edging away from ultra-loose policy The “Summary of Opinions” from last week’s Bank of Japan Monetary Policy Meeting released yesterday show a Policy Board increasingly confident that the long-term 2% target is coming into sight. The likelihood of …
10th November 2023
GDP growth appears to have all but stalled in Q3 but that was after a very strong first half. There are mounting signs that a virtuous cycle is forming between wages and prices. This is making the Bank of Japan increasingly confident that it can steer …
9th November 2023
This page has been updated with additional analysis since first publication. Wage growth will continue to accelerate Regular wage growth accelerated in September and we think it will continue to climb to around 2% next year. According to the preliminary …
6th November 2023
Threat of yen intervention remains As we had expected, the Bank of Japan retained its 1% cap for 10-year yields at this week’s meeting . However, by downgrading that cap to a “reference” and by stopping its daily fixed-rate operations offering to buy an …
3rd November 2023
We think the Bank of Japan’s continued steps towards policy normalisation are consistent with somewhat higher JGB yields and a significant rebound in the yen over the coming quarters. To recap, the BoJ made another tweak to its Yield Curve Control (YCC) …
2nd November 2023
With wage growth set to strengthen further over the coming year, we think the Bank of Japan will soon have sufficient confidence in the sustainability of higher inflation to end negative interest rates . The Bank of Japan has been arguing that wage growth …
1st November 2023
The Bank of Japan today de facto abolished Yield Curve Control and we think policymakers will call time on negative interest rates as soon as January . A casual reading of today’s statement would suggest that policy settings were left unchanged: the Bank …
31st October 2023
We are resending this publication because it was incorrectly sent as a Japan Economics Update. Note: We'll be discussing h ow much of a threat are surging bond yields to Asia’s economies in our Asia Drop-in today, 31st October. Register here to join the …
Note: We'll be discussing h ow much of a threat are surging bond yields to Asia’s economies in our Asia Drop-in today, 31st October. Register here to join the online briefing. Bank of Japan will tighten policy further next year The Bank of Japan today de …
Note: We'll be discussing h ow much of a threat are surging bond yields to Asia’s economies in our Asia Drop-in today, 31st October. Register here to join the online briefing. This page has been updated with additional analysis since first publication. …
30th October 2023
BoJ probably won’t tweak Yield Curve Control Media reports suggest that the Bank of Japan may tweak Yield Curve Control yet again at next week’s Board meeting. That’s certainly possible: 10-year JGB yields have risen sharply since the launch of the new …
27th October 2023
This page has been updated with additional analysis since first publication. Underlying inflation set to decline further While the jump in inflation in Tokyo to a seven-month high wasn’t nearly as bad as it looks, it is consistent with our view that …
26th October 2023
Board will revise up FY2023 inflation forecasts but signal below-target inflation in 2025 We don’t expect any tweaks to Yield Curve Control but the policy is effectively over Negative rates will end in early-2024, YCC will formally be abandoned by …
24th October 2023
Export values hit record high in September Export volumes bounced back by 4.6% m/m in September following the 6.1% m/m plunge in August. However, that left them a touch below the record high reached in July and means that export volumes have largely tread …
20th October 2023
Japan’s trade unions are demanding an even larger pay hike in the upcoming spring wage negotiations and we believe that the talks will result in a base pay hike of around 2.5%. While the Bank of Japan may wait until the first round of results of the talks …
This page has been updated with additional analysis since first publication. Inflation will only fall below 2% by end-2024 While inflation weakened in September, we think inflation will only fall below the BoJ’s 2% target by the end of next year. The …
Drag from net trade unlikely to persist Net trade probably was a large drag on GDP growth in Q3, but we suspect it will become less of a drag this quarter. The 4.3% annual rise in export values in September was stronger than the analyst consensus of 3.1% …
19th October 2023
The job-to-applicant ratio has usually signalled earlier than the Tankan that the labour market has taken a turn for the worse. But despite the recent fall in the number of jobs relative to applicants, we still think that the labour market will soon start …
16th October 2023
Economy probably won’t overheat The IMF this week revised up its forecast for Japan’s 2023 GDP growth from 1.4% to 2.0%, broadly matching our own. With activity rising much faster than its sustainable rate, any remaining spare capacity in the economy has …
13th October 2023
This page has been updated with additional analysis since first publication. Non-residential investment probably declined in Q3 Machinery orders are on track for a fall across the third quarter, consistent with our forecast of a decline in business …
12th October 2023
Any fall in bond prices resulting from higher bond yields won’t affect the BoJ’s balance sheet unless the Bank decides to sell its holdings. By contrast, rising interest payments on commercial banks’ reserve holdings could create losses, though those …
10th October 2023
Our latest Chart Pack on Japan's economy is embedded below. With the economy growing at an above-trend pace, the labour market should soon start to tighten again. There are mounting signs that a virtuous cycle between wages and prices is starting to form …
9th October 2023
Bond market sell-off pushes yen to one-year low The big event this week was the sharp fall in the yen after it breached 150 against the dollar while Tokyo was asleep in the early hours of Wednesday. Government officials have refused to comment on …
6th October 2023
This page has been updated with additional analysis since first publication. Regular wage growth set to remain strong Regular earnings growth remained strong in August and with the labour market set to tighten, it could yet accelerate further. Growth in …
We expect any rise in bond yields to be gradual and don’t believe it will create major economic or market dislocation. But there are risks that the Bank of Japan loses control over longer-term yields . A rapid surge in bond yields would threaten the …
5th October 2023
The sell-off in bond markets has taken a breather today, helped in part by softer data on the US labour market. However, the scale of the moves over the past week has invoked comparisons to previous financial crises that have been caused by sharp moves in …
4th October 2023
This page has been updated with additional analysis since first publication . Japan’s Ministry of Finance may have intervened in support of the yen today after the USD/JPY rate rose through the symbolic 150 level in the wake of the upside surprise in US …
3rd October 2023
By putting upward pressure on JGB yields and the yen, tighter monetary policy could lead to falls in the value of bonds and overseas assets held by Japanese investors. Insurance companies and pension funds have the most to lose. However, we do not think …
This page has been updated with additional analysis since first publication. Price pressures remain strong as economy is running hot The stronger-than-expected improvement in the latest Tankan survey suggests that the economy will continue to expand at …
2nd October 2023
Sustainable 2% inflation coming into sight The minutes of the Bank of Japan’s July meeting revealed that Board members had a lively debate on the outlook for inflation and monetary policy. One member noted that “close attention was warranted on the risk …
29th September 2023
This page has been updated with additional analysis since first publication. Labour market set to tighten as GDP growth holding up While retail sales and industrial production were little changed in August, they point to another decent rise in GDP across …
This page has been updated with additional analysis since first publication. Inflation will only fall below 2% by end-2024 While the Tokyo CPI suggests that underlying inflation has now peaked it will take until late next year for inflation to fall below …
The abandonment of Yield Curve Control would probably prompt the Bank of Japan to reduce its bloated holdings of government bonds, which could push up long-term bond yields. However, there are good reasons to think that the fiscal consequences wouldn’t be …
25th September 2023
Higher inflation lowering deficit and debt/GDP Even though inflation excluding fresh food and energy remained stubbornly high at 4.3% in August, the Bank of Japan didn’t drop any further hints that it might tighten policy anytime soon at its meeting …
22nd September 2023
